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What Causes Trigeminal Neuralgia And Vision Loss Despite Having Normal MRI?

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Posted on Wed, 15 Jun 2016
Question: My 23 year old daughter has a 2 month history of right sided weakness, balance problems and fatigue. The episode started with paresthesias and cramping in her leg for about 1 week before the other symtoms started. A trigeminal neuralgia headache followed with some loss of field of vision (opthamologist just confirmed loss of visual field in right eye). She had profound weakness on her right side and used a walker or cane. She was sensitive to heat and at times would get hot flashes where her temperature would go to just around 100 degrees. Her weakness is subsiding and she can walk short distances without a cane. She has urinary frequency and urgency. She has been treated twice for UTI''s (Bactrim and Macrobid) However, with the last treatment, no bacteria grew - the only abnormality was WBC and some blood in the urine. This week, she became short of breath and required emergency treatment in the ER, where they found t-wave inversions on her EKG. Chest x-ray was unremarkable. O2 sat was slightly lower 95% and responded to oxygen therapy. During her first episode of weakness, she responded to a steroid taper pack. Other lab results are : normal brain and C-spine MRI, LP not indicative of MS but did show decreased gamma globulin. We do have a family history of Familial Hemiplegic Migraine Syndrome. however this is unlike anything she or I have every experienced before with that.
doctor
Answered by Dr. Dr. Erion Spaho (2 hours later)
Brief Answer:
Seizures and polyradiculoneuritis to consider.

Detailed Answer:
Hello and thanks for using HCM.

I have read your query and understand your concerns.

Since the MRI resulted negative, there is no structural damage of brain and spinal cord ( malformation, tumors, stroke etc.).

The cause seems to be functional and hemiplegic migraine is one of the probable causes.

Another possibility that may explain such symptoms are seizures and polyradiculoneuritis or involved several nerve roots by a viral infection for example.

It is necessary to be evaluated by EEG and nerve conduction study together with EMG, in order to complete the necessary tests and to achieve a correct diagnosis.

Physical therapy is the best thing to do in recovery.

Hope you found the answer helpful.

Let me know if I can assist you further.

Greetings.
Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Raju A.T
doctor
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Follow up: Dr. Dr. Erion Spaho (4 hours later)
Thank you very much for your thoughts. I would like to ask you specifically:
1) What would lead you to consider seizures? (Her younger sister also has FHM precipitated by a seizure-like aura but we never considered seizures for her)
2) Could a tick-born virus cause the radiculoneuritis that you mentioned (we live in an area endemic to tick-born viruses) or would it be a self-limiting virus that you would consider?

Thank you very much for your help!
doctor
Answered by Dr. Dr. Erion Spaho (6 hours later)
Brief Answer:
Several viruses may be responsible.

Detailed Answer:
Welcome back and thanks for being on follow up.

I considered seizures because of the episodic changes of the symptoms and because of the difference in symptoms with previous ones.

Atonic seizures may result in such symptoms and evaluation is simple one with EEG.

Since there was a positive response to steroids, polyradiculoneuritis and even transverse myelitis of upper cervical spine should be considered. ( if MRI was done with intravenous contrast, transverse myelitis is very unlikely ).

There are several possible viruses that may lead to polyradiculoneuritis or transverse myelitis, including those you mentioned.

Hope I helped you.

Take care.


Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Sonia Raina
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Answered by
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Dr. Dr. Erion Spaho

Neurologist, Surgical

Practicing since :2004

Answered : 4493 Questions

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What Causes Trigeminal Neuralgia And Vision Loss Despite Having Normal MRI?

Brief Answer: Seizures and polyradiculoneuritis to consider. Detailed Answer: Hello and thanks for using HCM. I have read your query and understand your concerns. Since the MRI resulted negative, there is no structural damage of brain and spinal cord ( malformation, tumors, stroke etc.). The cause seems to be functional and hemiplegic migraine is one of the probable causes. Another possibility that may explain such symptoms are seizures and polyradiculoneuritis or involved several nerve roots by a viral infection for example. It is necessary to be evaluated by EEG and nerve conduction study together with EMG, in order to complete the necessary tests and to achieve a correct diagnosis. Physical therapy is the best thing to do in recovery. Hope you found the answer helpful. Let me know if I can assist you further. Greetings.