A spermatocele is a cyst that develops in the epididymis which is a small, coiled tube situated in the upper testicle that collects and transports sperm. Generally painless and noncancerous, a spermatocele usually is filled with milky or clear fluid that may contain sperm.

Spermatoceles are small, usually less than a half-inch (less than 1 centimeter) in diameter, although some may be larger. Most of the volume of the cyst is fluid.

The cause of spermatocele is not known. It is believed to be due to blockage of one or both tubes that drain the sperm from the testicle in to epididymis. It can also be caused by trauma or inflammation. It is most common in men aged between 40-60. It can lead to infertility.

Spermatoceles are common, affecting as many as three in 10 men. They typically don't impair fertility or require treatment. If a spermatocele grows large enough to cause discomfort, surgery may be required.

Symptoms of spermatocele

Pain.

Discomfort.

Feeling of heaviness in testicles.

Tests and diagnosis

• Physical examaintion.
• Tran illumination test
• Ultrasound scan.
• MRI scan.

Treatment

Most spermatoceles require no treatment. If there is pain and discomfort pain medications like ibuprofen, paracetamol can be taken.

• Surgery: A procedure called spermatocelectomy is performed to remove the cyst.
• Sclerotherpy: Less frequently performed.