Brief Answer:
Prognosis of tropical splenomegaly syndrome and its future complication

Detailed Answer:
Hi....
Welcome to "Ask a Doctor" service.
I am Dr Ajeet XXXXXXX

I have gone through your query and here is my opinion.

Tropical splenomegaly syndrome(Hyper reactive Malarial Splenomegaly or HMS) is due to immunological over stimulation in response to repeated malarial infections.
It is a chronic complication of malaria and patients have high levels of anti-malarial antibody which have a causual association.

Long term complaints of such patients are unspecific symptoms like lassitude,fatigue,asthenia,abdominal heaviness,discomfort,dragging sensation etc.

Complications of HMS include ...

1.Chronic anemia.
2.Leucopenia.
3.Thrombocytopenia.

(They all happen due to hypersplenism ,trapping of blood cells and overactive Reticuloendothelial System)

4.Hepatomegaly.
5.Secondary infections.

(reduction in the number of healthy red blood cells, platelets and white cells in the circulating bloodstream leads to more frequent infections.)

6.Alarming haemolysis.
7.Ruptured spleen.

(An unhealthy,enlarged,soft,stretched spleen is more prone for rupture even with trivial trauma.A ruptured spleen can cause severe and life-threatening bleeding into the abdominal cavity followed by hypotension and shock).

Tropical splenomegaly is usually not life threatening but the complications are.
With the treatment,many patients live a normal life for many years.
Some patients may need surgery - Splenectomy.

Hope that I have answered your query.

Stay healthy and stay blessed.
Regards.

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