Hello,

Thanks for your query.

From the details of the testicular biopsy, it seems that the testes appears to be anatomically normal.

But the semen analysis ( 2 reports) provided , it seems that you have Oligoasthenozoospermia and Teratozoospermia.

Oligoasthenozoospermia is a combination of: Asthenozoospermia (reduced sperm motility) and Oligozoospermia (low spermatozoon count)

Teratospermia or teratozoospermia is a condition characterized by the presence of sperm with abnormal morphology that affects fertility in males.

Here 99 out of 100 measured sperms were found to be abnormal, in morphology. ( Normal semen should contain at least 30% sperms with normal morphology, to achieve a normal pregnancy)

The presence of abnormally-shaped sperm can negatively affect fertility by reducing sperm motility and/or preventing sperm from adhering to the ovum. Achieving a pregnancy may be difficult.

Treatment of this condition can be done with medications called Antiestrogens, for a few weeks.

If Antiestrogens are not helpful, then the condition can be treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), which is injecting sperm directly into the egg. Once the egg is fertilized, abnormal sperm morphology does not affect continuation of pregnancy.

You might consult your treating doctor or a fertility specialist if you have any doubts or concerns.

I hope this effectively answers your question.

In case you have additional questions or doubts, you can forward them to me, and I shall be glad to help you out.

Regards.

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Hello Again,

1. Yes, since the two semen analysis , were abnormal, a testicular biopsy if done helps to know if the condition is due to

A. testicular degeneration (Anatomical Issue) or
B. a Hormonal issue (Physiological condition).

Anatomical issues , are likely to be permanent, and associated with infections, inflammation, degeneration or tumors, etc. They usually cannot be fixed with medicines.

Physiological issues, due to hormonal abnormalities can be corrected to some extent with medications.

2. In your case, though the testes is anatomically and histologically normal, the sperms generated have certain abnormalities , which cause them to lack energy and are hence less motile. This reason causes them to be ineffective and lack of conception and pregnancy.

3. You might benefit by a trial of anti-estrogen medications - for a while. In case this does not help, ISCI would be the option that would definitely help to concieve.

Here the fertilisation is achieved invitro, with injection of the genetic material of the sperms into the ova. Hence the lack of motility or morphological abnormalities do not come into play. Once fertilised, the pregnancy continues as a normal one.

4. Sperms can be frozen for a long time as long as it is needed.

I hope this answers your doubts.

Regards.

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