Hello, Hepatitis C is a viral disease that is transmitted similarly to hepatitis B (injection of the drug through infected needless, transfusion of infected blood, skin piercing with infected equipment, sexual relationships and mother-to-child (low risk, however, Once you are infected by the hepatitis C virus, the infection remains chronic in 50-85% of cases. In other words, the body is able to clear the virus in 15-50% of cases (similarly to hepatitis B). Therefore, a person can be infected by the hepatitis C virus but if the body reacts optimally then antibodies are produced and the infection is cleared in 15%-50% of cases. Anti-HCV antibodies result positive thus confirming exposure to HCV but infection is either acute or chronic or a past infection that has resolved. Otherwise, if HCV RNA is detected, this indicates ongoing active infection. For those requiring treatment, the goal of treatment in Hepatitis C is the so-called Sustained Virological Response (SVR), meaning non-detectable HCV RNA after treatment. Treatment of Hepatitis C has made tremendous progress lately, achieving SVR in about 99% of patients after the right treatment. Therefore, I think that your patient belongs to the group of persons being infected with Hepatitis C but the body was unable to clear the virus, she has been treated and has achieved a good SVR (as explained above). Therefore, she has not completely cleared the virus (she is a chronic carrier), with low risk of disease progression and transmitting the disease due to treatment response. Hope I have answered your query. Let me know if I can assist you further. Regards, Dr. Ervin Toçi