Hi, Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors that arise from the pituitary gland, which is a small gland located at the base of the brain. These tumors can secrete hormones, which can cause a variety of symptoms depending on the type of hormone being produced. Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary adenoma, and they secrete prolactin, which can lead to breast milk production and irregular periods in women, as well as erectile dysfunction and decreased libido in men. The treatment of pituitary adenomas depends on the size and type of the tumor, as well as the severity of symptoms. Medications such as bromocriptine and cabergoline are commonly used to treat prolactinomas by decreasing the secretion of prolactin from the tumor. These medications can effectively reduce the size of the tumor and improve symptoms in many patients. Surgery is another option for the treatment of pituitary adenomas, particularly for larger tumors or tumors that are not responsive to medications. The surgery s objective is to preserve pituitary function while at the same time, remove as much of the tumor as possible. Surgery is usually performed by a neurosurgeon who specializes in pituitary tumors, and the procedure is typically done through the nose using an endoscope. The success of surgery depends on several factors, including the size and location of the tumor, as well as the skill and experience of the surgeon. As for mood swings, pituitary adenomas can cause hormonal imbalances that can affect mood and behavior. In particular, high levels of prolactin can interfere with the normal production of other hormones such as testosterone and estrogen, which can lead to symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and irritability. It is important to discuss any changes in mood or behavior with your doctor, as they can help determine if they are related to the pituitary adenoma or if there may be another underlying cause. If you require a personalized response, kindly use the Ask A Doctor service and post a follow-up. Take care. Hope I have answered your question. Regards, Dr. Priyanka, General & Family Physician