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Does Persistent High BP Damage The Vessel Walls?
Question: Academic question.
In type 2 diabetes there is insulin resistance and if I am understanding this correctly it means that some of the receptors on the muscle cells are not accepting the insulin or its signal so some of the GLUT4 gates don't rise to the cell membrane and open for the glucose to enter. A part of the reason for this is that muscle cells want to avoid too much glucose inside the cell.
At the same time, at the adipose cell membrane the insulin binds but gives a weaker signal to the hormone sensitive lipase which increases its activity and it acts on triglycerides to form free fatty acids which go into the blood stream and get sent to the liver where esterification takes place in preference to oxidation and VLDL are then released into the bloodstream.
Wikipedia says "Once in circulation, VLDL will come in contact with lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the capillary beds in the body (adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle). LPL will remove triglycerides from VLDL for storage or energy production."
So I want to ask is it possible that the insulin resistance may be due to two factors.
1. that the muscle cells want to avoid the hyperglycemic conditions and preserve the right intracellular environment. As for example if a person is very angry, which moves their body to high energy production that uses glucose but they are not going to do anything, not even yell, so the muscle cells don't want to take in the higher levels of glucose they would if the person became very animated.
2. muscle cells may seek to move to change their fuel utilization from glucose to fats because the energy demands are lower..
Also if the person blood pressure is high for a long time, would that mean there is damage to vessel walls as the blood is screaming around the body. This may also be a demand for VLDL in order to repair the damage.?
In type 2 diabetes there is insulin resistance and if I am understanding this correctly it means that some of the receptors on the muscle cells are not accepting the insulin or its signal so some of the GLUT4 gates don't rise to the cell membrane and open for the glucose to enter. A part of the reason for this is that muscle cells want to avoid too much glucose inside the cell.
At the same time, at the adipose cell membrane the insulin binds but gives a weaker signal to the hormone sensitive lipase which increases its activity and it acts on triglycerides to form free fatty acids which go into the blood stream and get sent to the liver where esterification takes place in preference to oxidation and VLDL are then released into the bloodstream.
Wikipedia says "Once in circulation, VLDL will come in contact with lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in the capillary beds in the body (adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle). LPL will remove triglycerides from VLDL for storage or energy production."
So I want to ask is it possible that the insulin resistance may be due to two factors.
1. that the muscle cells want to avoid the hyperglycemic conditions and preserve the right intracellular environment. As for example if a person is very angry, which moves their body to high energy production that uses glucose but they are not going to do anything, not even yell, so the muscle cells don't want to take in the higher levels of glucose they would if the person became very animated.
2. muscle cells may seek to move to change their fuel utilization from glucose to fats because the energy demands are lower..
Also if the person blood pressure is high for a long time, would that mean there is damage to vessel walls as the blood is screaming around the body. This may also be a demand for VLDL in order to repair the damage.?
Brief Answer:
EXplanation
Detailed Answer:
Good day,
Noted your excellent question.
Even though this theory sounds attractive, however, this is not proven if muscle cells induce insulin resistance by masking the receptors from cell surface to protect intracellular environment. . Rather insulin resistance could be due to the problems in insulin receptor itself or due to problems in the post receptor mechanisms. The power house of skeletal muscle is mitochondria and it need glucose as a fuel. Glucose is the preferred fuel over fats and when glucose doesn't enter cells during insulin resistant conditions, cells have to turn to fats for fuel and this cause ketosis.
Long standing blood pressure exerts certain irreversible changes in vessel walls. This also include damage to vascular wall endothelium. Lipoproteins are required for cell wall maintenance and repair as it is a major constituent of cell wall.
EXplanation
Detailed Answer:
Good day,
Noted your excellent question.
Even though this theory sounds attractive, however, this is not proven if muscle cells induce insulin resistance by masking the receptors from cell surface to protect intracellular environment. . Rather insulin resistance could be due to the problems in insulin receptor itself or due to problems in the post receptor mechanisms. The power house of skeletal muscle is mitochondria and it need glucose as a fuel. Glucose is the preferred fuel over fats and when glucose doesn't enter cells during insulin resistant conditions, cells have to turn to fats for fuel and this cause ketosis.
Long standing blood pressure exerts certain irreversible changes in vessel walls. This also include damage to vascular wall endothelium. Lipoproteins are required for cell wall maintenance and repair as it is a major constituent of cell wall.
Note: For further follow-up, discuss your blood glucose reports with our diabetologist. Click here.
Above answer was peer-reviewed by :
Dr. Chakravarthy Mazumdar
Answered by
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