Hi.. Can understand your concern.. As per your query antibiotics are given for toothache when you have an infected tooth and it starts paining when the infection reaches the nerves present deep into the tooth. The role of antibiotics is to kill the bacteria which are causing infection and thus with a complete course of antibiotics the infection is reduced BUT it should be noted that along with antibiotics Painkillers are also given as for immediate relief from pain as antibiotics cant subside pain. In case of dental pain the infected tooth needs to be treated and only medicines cannot solve the problem because the source of infection that is an infected tooth is still present and can further aggravate the bacterial growth and infection leading to pain.. So once your medicines are over after a few days pain can occur again. I would suggest you to get your tooth extracted during the period when you are under medication as it is a best way to do a dental treatment when the patient is under antibiotic cover. Waiting for long can further cause recurrence of pain. Hope your query is solved. Thanks and regards.. Dr.Honey Nandwani Arora.