Brief Answer: She is having cystoid macular edema. Detailed Answer: Hello Welcome to Health care magic Iam Dr. DADAPEER K an ophthalmologist and I answer health problems related to eye. It seems from the history that your mother has underwent cataract surgery in both the eyes, right eye in february and left eye in january and she is having vision problems in left eye with straight lines appearing curved. I went through the reports of fundus photo and optical coherence tomography of both the eyes attached with the query. The optical coherence tomography in left eye is showing macular edema and this is reflected in the fundus photograph of the left eye which is showing dull foveal reflex of the macula. Hence the cause for vision prolblem in left eye is CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA and it is responsible for the complaint of straight lines appearing curved. The cause for cystoid macular edema is inflammation which follows surgery and it is more pronounced if the patient is having diabetes. The treatment of the condition is by use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of topical eye drops. Nepafenac is a topical anti-inflammatory drug and it is effective in treating inflammatory conditions like cystoid macular edema. Hence I advice you to continue treatment as advised by your doctor. Cases which are not responding to anti-inflammatory drugs require treatment by steroid drugs or by intravitreal injection of steroids. Hope I have answered your question and the information is helpful to you. Thank you

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Brief Answer: It happens in inflammatory conditions of the eye. Detailed Answer: Hello Welcome to Health care magic Thank you for the follow up query. Coming to your questions, Why does cystoid macular edema happen? Cystoid macular edema occurs because of inflammations and one of the commonest cause is inflammation induced by surgery. The other causes for macular edema are intraocualr inflammations like uveitis. All intraocular surgeries including cataract surgery will cause inflammation and in few individuals the inflammation may be severe causing edema of the macula. Hence it is difficult to predict that who will develop macular edema. It is one of the common cause for diminution of vision in the post operative period following cataract surgery. Coming to second question, this change is seen in only in the OCT taken after cataract surgery. Coming to third question, Anti-inflammatory drugs like Nepafenac are the treatment of choice and are usually the first line of drugs for treatment for cystoid macular edema. Since she is not diabetic the severity may not be pronounced hence it should respond to treatment. Coming to fourth question, Does not taking treatment will cause any further deterioration or lead to any further complexities? Not taking of treatment will cause damage to the macula and cause further deterioration of vision. Cystoid macular edema will respond to treatment and it is a common problem faced in the post operative period and hence I advice you to take appropriate treatment and attend follow up as advised by your surgeon. Hope I have answered your questions and the information is helpful to you. Thank you

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Brief Answer: Yes other treatment options are available. Detailed Answer: Hello Welcome to Health care magic Thank you for the follow up query. Cystoid macular edema occurs following inflammations of the eye and one of the cause for it is inflammation induced by surgeries of the eye. Yes it cannot be predicted before surgery as the amount of inflammation and reaction of the tissues to the inflammation varies from person to person. The way to prevent cystoid macular edema is by use of anti-inflammatory drugs like Nepafenac from the day of surgery or before surgery and continued in the post operative period. The diagnosis can be confirmed by doing fundus fluorescein angiography and hence you can undergo it if there is no response to treatment. Anti-inflammatory drugs like Nepafenac are the first treatment options for cytoid macular edema and inflammation induced by surgery, and hence you can continue it. The treatment options available are steroid drugs either systemci steroids or injections of steroids into the eye in the form of intravitreal injections. Coming to your father, since he is known diabetic he carries risk of post operative problems like cystoid macular edema or infections and the ways to prevent it or minimize it are Adequate control of diabetes before cataract surgery Evaluation of the retina to rule out dibaetic macular edema before surgery Hope I have answered your questions and the information is helpful to you. Thank you

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