It is also called as processus vaginalis, patent processus vaginalis. It is the fluid accumulation around the testicle. It is the most common benign condition. Most hydroceles are congenital and are noted in children aged 1-2 years. Secondary hydroceles occur in the maled aged more than 40. It is the accumulation of the serous fluid between two layers of the tunica vaginalis, a sac which sorrounds the testis.

Causes of hydrocele

During development the testicle descend down a tube from the abdomen to the scrotum. Hydrocele develops when this tube fails to close. The fluid in the abdomen drains through his tube and accumulates in the scrotum, leading to swelling of scrotum.

Some times it may be associated with inguinal hernia.

Risk factor for developing Hydrocele

• Injury to the scrotum.
• Infection.
• Radiation therapy.

Symptoms of hydrocele

It usually presents as painless swollen testicle either on one side or both side.

Tests and diagnosis

• Physical examination.
• Trans illumination test: In this a flash light is shined through the enlarged scrotum. If it is Hydrocele which is filled with clear fluid the swelling also shines up.
• Testicular ultrasound.

Treatment of hydrocele

Aspiration of the fluid can be performed.

Surgery: It includes removal of hydrocele. Surgical excision or hydrocelectomy is performed

Complications

• Infection or tumor: It can impair sperm production or sperm function.
• Inguinal hernia.