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Articles related to diabetes
Complications and management of diabetes mellitus
Good control on blood glucose levels will prevent micro vascular complications, but to a lesser extent the macro vascular complications. Microvascular complications include retinopathy and nephropathy. Macrovascular complications include coronary heart disease, stroke, and hyerlipidemia.
Ligament tears
A ligament is a short band of tough flexible fibrous connective tissue linking bones together providing stability to the surrounding structures like joints during the movements. Sprain is a common expression used to describe a ligament injury. A ligament injury can be either due to stretching or tearing of the ligament.
Achalasia Cardia
Achalasia Cardia is primarily a disease of esophagus in which lower end of esophagus (Lower Esophageal Sphincter-LES) does not relax properly in response to food intake and there is inappropriate and ineffective motility (Peristalsis) of the body of esophagus. This leads to impaired emptying of esophagus and gradual dilatation of this tubular structure. There is thickening of lower end along with increase in fibrous tissue in muscular layer of esophagus.
Lichen Sclerosus
Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that results in white plaques with epidermal atrophy. Lichen sclerosus has both genital and extra genital presentations. Anyone can get lichen sclerosus, but postmenopausal women and children who have not reached puberty are at highest risk.
Thrush and Other Yeast Infections in Children
Yeast infections are caused by various species of a yeast-like fungus called Candida particularly the species Candida albicans. Yeast infections may flare up and then heal in most people; however, in newborns or individuals with impaired immune systems, yeast can cause more serious or chronic infections. Yeast also can thrive in chronically moist folds of skin, such as in the groin.