Hi, Thanks for your query. 1. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is related with multiple factor predominantly to genetic (inherited) and environmental factors. Other factors found in relation to PCOS which is thought to be causes include - Malfunction of the body s blood sugar control system (insulin system) - Production of excess amounts of male hormones known as androgens from ovaries - Other hormonal abnormality in women with PCOS such as Luteinizing Hormone A detailed clinical history including family history and set of investigations would be needed to identify these factors. 2. PCOD is a chronic medical condition which can be kept under control if you wish too. A strict lifestyle change and treatment combined with regular follow ups with a competent gynaecologist. Treatment is individualized as per the presenting symptoms. Both medical drugs or laparoscopy or both can be the treatment in a typical PCOD patient. In general women who do not want to get pregnant are treated with birth control pills – this most often corrects hormone imbalances, regulate your menstrual cycle and, cut down on abnormal hair growth and acne. Those who wish to get pregnant are treated with ovulation induction drugs such as clomifene, tamoxifen and gonadotropins. Weight management is most important in both the cases. Insulin-sensitizing drugs (ISDs), such as metformin, are now being used by specialists as treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome. Many PCOS women who didn t initially respond to a fertility drug responded to it after treatment with an insulin-promoting drug. Consult your gynecologist for further opinion. Best Wishes, Dr Sourav Ganguly.