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What Are The Risk Of STD When Having Genital Warts?

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Posted on Tue, 3 Mar 2015
Question: I recently met a girl who was diagnosed with genital warts and hence HPV last month and currently has her first outbreak.

I’ve been reading a lot online but there seems to be little real information but a lot of fear mongering and I was hoping for some specific clarification. I should mention now that I have Crohn’s Disease and therefore a “weakened immune system” (although I’m extremely healthy and certainly don’t feel that way).

I know that we should not have sex nor should I perform oral sex on her as these diseases spread via skin-to-skin contact.

Here are my specific questions:
I read that I can touch her vagina assuming I don’t touch my own genitals/anything else before thoroughly washing my hands with soap. Is this accurate/safe?

I also read that although HPV can be present in the mouth, however percentage-wise it is highly unlikely. That said and as she doesn’t have any warts in her mouth (checked by her physician) is she able to perform oral sex on me safely?

Lastly, assuming she follows proper treatment from her physician, will we ever be able to have unprotected sex without the fear of me catching the warts/HPV? and will I ever be able to perform unprotected oral sex on her?

Many thanks for your time and help!
doctor
Answered by Dr. Dr. Kakkar (1 hour later)
Brief Answer:
Regarding HPV infection and risk of infection

Detailed Answer:
Hello. Thank you for writing to us at healrhcaremagic

I have gone through your query and I have understood it.

Genital warts/ HPV infection is an STD and is acquired by intimate contact with an Infected sexual partner.

There are various types of HPV that cause Genital Warts.

However of particular interest are High risk HPV types (type 16, 18, 31, 35).
Infection with these high risk HPV types may subsequently go on to develop into cervical, anal or penile cancer.
Only 5 % of those infected with high risk HPV types subsequently go on to develop cancer, the rest are cleared by body.

However, 90% of genital warts are caused by Low risk HPV types i.e type 6 and 11 which do not develop into cancer.

There is a vaccine available (approved for 9-26 years old) which would prevent infection with most common HPV types causing genital warts.

Most of the infected people never know that they are infected and eventually clear the infection over time.
Those who develop visible warts should get rid of them either by freezing/ Co 2 Laser and thus decrease the likelihood of transmitting infection to sexual partners.
The infection may nevertheless still transmit despite treatment for visible warts.
The fact that natural immunity takes care of HPV infection on its own therefore majority of those infected would be free of HPV infection over the course of time i.e may be an year or so.

She should go for a Pap smear examination and if that turns out to be abnormal, subsequently for HPV typing to know the HPV types prevalent.
Pap smear should be repeated every 6 month to 1 year.

Certain HPV types tend to infect skin at certain anatomic sites however, warts of any HPV type may occur at any site.
Therefore it is unlikely that genital warts that you could get finger warts from touching her.
Warts are transmitted by direct or indirect contact, and predisposing factors include disruption to the normal epithelial barrier, therefore the precaution that you mention after touching her vagina assumes importance.

Assuming she does not have HPV infection/ visible warts of Oral mucosa she can safely perform Oral sex on you.

The most reliable way to prevent infection with genital HPV is to avoid skin-to-skin genital contact with infected person.
However, limiting the number of sexual contacts and using a condom during sexual contact also reduce the risk though not entirely.

Regards
Hope this helps
Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Chakravarthy Mazumdar
doctor
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Follow up: Dr. Dr. Kakkar (16 hours later)
(apologies if this came through 3 times)

Hello Dr Kakkar,

Thank you very much for your quick and detailed response! It is greatly appreciated!

Just a few follow up questions for clarification:

You said, "...however, warts of any HPV type may occur at any site. Therefore it is unlikely that genital warts that you could get finger warts from touching her."

Maybe I am misunderstanding but if HPV/warts may occur at any site, wouldn't that mean that I could get them on my hands from touching her?

Also, two additional questions:
-if she is clear of warts, and considering I have an autoimmune disease (Crohn's Disease), what are the odds of me catching warts if we have unprotected sex andI wash myself thoroughly afterwards? what about if I perform oral sex on her when she has been cleared of warts?

Or basically I will always be at (high?) risk while with her?

Thanks again for your time! XXXXXXX
doctor
Answered by Dr. Dr. Kakkar (7 hours later)
Brief Answer:
Risk of HPV would be there with both vaginal, oral sex

Detailed Answer:
Hi

Any wart type can occur at any site but certain wart types occur at certain anatomic sites i.e types 6,11, 16 and 18 most commonly form genital warts more commonly than warts elsewhere.
Therefore, though chances are less that types 6,11, 16 and 18 would cause finger warts because these particular types of HPV are not adept to form warts at sites other than genitalia, but they certainly can!

Only visible warts can be removed by various procedures like freezing, CO 2 Laser etc but it does'nt ensure that the person is immediately free of HPV infection i.e the individual may still carry HPV infection and hence transmit infection to sexual partners.
However, over a period of time majority of infected individuals will eventually clear HPV infection and majority can be assumed to be clear of infection at 1 - 2 year after they got rid of warts and with no recurrence.

A lot of HPV infected individuals never know that they carry HPV because they don't ever develop visible warts and may unknowingly transmit HPV infection to others. Majority eventually clear the infection over time.

The first step for her would be to get rid of visible warts now and as and when if she develops new ones.
If she stays free of visible warts for a period of 1-2 years, most likely she would have cleared infection by then.
This can be confirmed by testing for Viral DNA.

Right now, I feel it would not be entirely safe for you to have vaginal or oral sex with her because she has active infection and washing post sex won't be eliminate the risk entirely, though, washing hands after you touch her vagina would reduce indirect transmission through your hands, as I mentioned before.

Same holds true for Oral sex i.e it is not entirely safe till she is free of infection i.e at least for another 1-2 years.

A quadrivalent vaccine would prevent infection with most common HPV types i.e 6, 11, 16, 18 but this is usually recommended in 9-26 years old and before one starts his/her sexual activity.
It won't help those who already carry the infection and older individuals (beyond 20s).

She may however perform oral sex on you.

Therefore, sexual activities that are safe for you right now are either receptive oral sex and touching her vagina.
Washing your hands subsequently would prevent indirect transmission through hands.
Vaginal sex and performing active oral sex on her is not safe, till she is free of infection i.e if she stays free from visible warts at least for another 1-2 years.

Regards
Take care
You na get back to me for any more clarifications!
Note: Consult a Sexual Diseases Specialist online for further follow up- Click here.

Above answer was peer-reviewed by : Dr. Shanthi.E
doctor
Answered by
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Dr. Dr. Kakkar

Dermatologist

Practicing since :2002

Answered : 9612 Questions

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What Are The Risk Of STD When Having Genital Warts?

Brief Answer: Regarding HPV infection and risk of infection Detailed Answer: Hello. Thank you for writing to us at healrhcaremagic I have gone through your query and I have understood it. Genital warts/ HPV infection is an STD and is acquired by intimate contact with an Infected sexual partner. There are various types of HPV that cause Genital Warts. However of particular interest are High risk HPV types (type 16, 18, 31, 35). Infection with these high risk HPV types may subsequently go on to develop into cervical, anal or penile cancer. Only 5 % of those infected with high risk HPV types subsequently go on to develop cancer, the rest are cleared by body. However, 90% of genital warts are caused by Low risk HPV types i.e type 6 and 11 which do not develop into cancer. There is a vaccine available (approved for 9-26 years old) which would prevent infection with most common HPV types causing genital warts. Most of the infected people never know that they are infected and eventually clear the infection over time. Those who develop visible warts should get rid of them either by freezing/ Co 2 Laser and thus decrease the likelihood of transmitting infection to sexual partners. The infection may nevertheless still transmit despite treatment for visible warts. The fact that natural immunity takes care of HPV infection on its own therefore majority of those infected would be free of HPV infection over the course of time i.e may be an year or so. She should go for a Pap smear examination and if that turns out to be abnormal, subsequently for HPV typing to know the HPV types prevalent. Pap smear should be repeated every 6 month to 1 year. Certain HPV types tend to infect skin at certain anatomic sites however, warts of any HPV type may occur at any site. Therefore it is unlikely that genital warts that you could get finger warts from touching her. Warts are transmitted by direct or indirect contact, and predisposing factors include disruption to the normal epithelial barrier, therefore the precaution that you mention after touching her vagina assumes importance. Assuming she does not have HPV infection/ visible warts of Oral mucosa she can safely perform Oral sex on you. The most reliable way to prevent infection with genital HPV is to avoid skin-to-skin genital contact with infected person. However, limiting the number of sexual contacts and using a condom during sexual contact also reduce the risk though not entirely. Regards Hope this helps