Electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)
ECT is a procedure in which electric current is passed through the pain to trigger an episode of seizure. There will be a lot of changes in the chemical reactions in the brain and this is believed to help which can reduce the severity of the symptoms.
Procedure
The patient or his guardian has to first give a written consent for ECT(procedure followed for many interventions and surgeries). Before ECT, the patient is anesthetized. Then electrical stimulation is given upto 8 seconds through electrodes to induce a seizure. It is usually done for 2-3 times/week for 3 weeks and then gradually tapered to 1 time/week. This can be continued upto 1 year. ECT is usually given along with medications, psychotherapy and behavioural therapy.
Risks
As with any major procedure ECT does carry some risks but this can be minimized by giving accurately calculated dosage of Electric current. Some of the risks are
- Cognitive impairment
- Memory loss
- Cardiac problems due to increased heart rate and blood pressure during treatment.
- Others like Nausea, vomiting, headache
Results
ECT is proved to be an effective short term treatment for Depression. Will require medications or repeat ECT to prevent relapses.
